1) On page optimization  – Tags (title description, keyword, headings, body copy) along with a clear subject matter focus
2) Hyperlinks – Inbound links, outbound links, internal links.  (gives page rank)
3) Content- Clear subject matter focus built with sentence structure and good keywords
4) Video/Audio – Added to site and to social sites; adding meta tags
5) Marketing – Adding blogs, news press, articles, etc… to other sites to market your own site with hyperlinks
6) Spidering – Crawlable html and xml sitemaps